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Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature

Por um escritor misterioso

Descrição
The diagnosis of brain death is a complex process. Strong knowledge of neurophysiology and an understanding of brain death etiology must be used to confidently determine brain death. The key findings in brain death are unresponsiveness, and absence of brainstem reflexes in the setting of a devastating neurological injury. These findings are coupled with a series of confirmatory tests, and the diagnosis of brain death is established based on consensus recommendations. The drive to breathe in the setting of an intense ventilatory stimulus (ie, respiratory acidosis) is a critical marker of brainstem function. As a consequence, apnea testing is an important component of brain death assessment. This procedure requires close monitoring of a patient as all ventilator support is temporarily removed and Paco2 levels are allowed to rise. A “positive” test is defined by a total absence of respiratory efforts under these conditions. While apnea testing is not new, it still lacks consensus standardization regarding the actual procedure, monitored parameters, and evidence-based safety measures that may be used to prevent complications. The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of apnea testing and discuss issues related to the administration and safety of the procedure.
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Brain Death SpringerLink
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Brain death and management of the potential donor
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Brain death: a clinical overview, Journal of Intensive Care
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Brain death criteria - ScienceDirect
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Apnea Testing for the Determination of Brain Death: A Systematic Scoping Review
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Apnea Testing for the Determination of Brain Death: A Systematic Scoping Review
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Apnea testing for the diagnosis of brain death - Lang - 2005 - Acta Neurologica Scandinavica - Wiley Online Library
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Figure 6 from Brain death: assessment, controversy, and confounding factors.
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Apnea test during brain death assessment in mechanically ventilated and ECMO patients
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Full article: Requiring Consent for Brain-Death Testing: A Perilous Proposal
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
Table 1 from Problems associated with the apnea test in the diagnosis of brain death.
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
The apnea test in brain death determination using oxygen diffusion method remains safe
Apnea Testing During Brain Death Assessment: A Review of Clinical Practice and Published Literature
PDF] Why Should We See Brain Death as Socially Situated?
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